General Information

  • ID:  hor006633
  • Uniprot ID:  P47212
  • Protein name:  Galanin message-associated peptide
  • Gene name:  Gal
  • Organism:  Mus musculus (Mouse)
  • Family:  Galanin family
  • Source:  animal
  • Expression:  Expressed in retinal progenitor cells and retinal ganglion cells (at protein level).
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:   Mus (subgenus), Mus (genus), Murinae (subfamily), Muridae (family), Muroidea , Myomorpha (suborder), Rodentia (order), Glires , Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria , Eutheria , Theria , Mammalia (class), Amniota , Tetrapoda , Dipnotetrapodomorpha , Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi , Teleostomi , Gnathostomata , Vertebrata , Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia , Bilateria , Eumetazoa , Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta , Eukaryota (superkingdom),cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0004966 galanin receptor activity; GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0005184 neuropeptide hormone activity; GO:0031763 galanin receptor binding; GO:0031764 type 1 galanin receptor binding; GO:0031765 type 2 galanin receptor binding; GO:0031766 type 3 galanin receptor binding
  • GO BP:  GO:0007218 neuropeptide signaling pathway; GO:0007399 nervous system development; GO:0007631 feeding behavior; GO:0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation; GO:0010737 protein kinase A signaling; GO:0019933 cAMP-mediated signaling; GO:0031943 regulation of glucocorticoid metabolic process; GO:0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process; GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; GO:0050672 negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation; GO:0051464 positive regulation of cortisol secretion; GO:0051795 positive regulation of timing of catagen; GO:0060746 parental behavior
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space; GO:0030141 secretory granule; GO:0043025 neuronal cell body

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  ELQLEVEERRPGSVDVPLPESNIVRTIMEFLSFLHLKEAGALDSLPGIPLATSSEDLEKS
  • Length:  60
  • Propeptide:  MARGSVILLGWLLLVVTLSATLGLGMPAKEKRGWTLNSAGYLLGPHAIDNHRSFSDKHGLTGKRELQLEVEERRPGSVDVPLPESNIVRTIMEFLSFLHLKEAGALDSLPGIPLATSSEDLEKS
  • Signal peptide:  MARGSVILLGWLLLVVTLS
  • Modification:  T53 Phosphoserine;T54 Phosphoserine
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  Endocrine hormone of the central and peripheral nervous systems that binds and activates the G protein-coupled receptors GALR1, GALR2, and GALR3 (By similarity). This small neuropeptide may regulate diverse physiologic functions including contraction of smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract, growth hormone and insulin release and adrenal secretion (By similarity).
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  Galr1, Galr2
  • Target Unid:  P56479, O88854
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  AF-P47212-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor006633_AF2.pdbhor006633_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 765703 Formula: C292H475N75O96S
Absent amino acids: CWY Common amino acids: LE
pI: 4.09 Basic residues: 6
Polar residues: 13 Hydrophobic residues: 22
Hydrophobicity: -14.17 Boman Index: -9241
Half-Life: 1 hour Half-Life Yeast: 30 min
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 108.83
Instability Index: 6071.17 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 0
Absorbance 280nm: 0

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  8982069
  • Title:  Molecular cloning and characterisation of the mouse preprogalanin gene.
  • PubMed ID:  15489334
  • Title:  The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).
  • PubMed ID:  8614559
  • Title:  cDNA sequence, ligand biding, and regulation of galanin/GMAP in mouse brain.
  • PubMed ID:  33712461
  • Title:  Atoh7-independent specification of retinal ganglion cell identity.